Craniofacial Morphology in Twins with Cleft Lip and Palate

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuula Laatikainen ◽  
Reijo Ranta ◽  
Rolf Nordström
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Craniofacial Morphology

Effects of Fetus Weight, Dam Strain, Dam Weight, and Litter Size on the Craniofacial Morphogenesis of CL/Fr Mouse Fetuses Affected with Cleft Lip and Palate

1997 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuaki Nonaka ◽  
Yasunori Sasaki ◽  
Yoshihisa Watanabe ◽  
Ken-ichi Yanagita ◽  
Minoru Nakata
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Craniofacial Morphology ◽  
Strain Effect ◽  
Craniofacial Growth ◽  
Lateral Cephalogram ◽  
Mouse Fetus ◽  
Mouse Fetuses ◽  
Craniofacial Morphogenesis

Objective: This study examined the factors related to the morphogenesis of the craniofacial complex of the CL/Fr mouse fetus affected with CLP based on the findings of a lateral cephalogram. Design: Embryo transfer experiments were performed to determine the effect of the fetus weight, dam strain, dam weight, and litter size on the intra-uterine craniofacial morphogenesis of CL/Fr mouse fetuses. On the 18th gestational day, each pregnant dam that had received CL/Fr mouse embryos was laparotomized to remove the transferred fetuses that had developed in the uteri of the cleft lip and palate (CLP)-susceptible CL/Fr strain dam and the CLP-resistant C57BL strain dam. A cephalometric observation of the craniofacial morphology of each fetus was subsequently performed. Results: Based on a multiple regression analysis, the standardized partial regression coefficients of the affected fetus weight, the dam weight, and the litter size on the maxillary size of the affected CL/Fr fetus were 0.71 (p < .01), 0.03, and −0.07. According to a least-squares analysis of variance, the dam strain effect in addition to the effect of the affected fetus weight on the maxillary size and the cranial size of the affected fetuses was significant (p < .01 for cranial size, p < .05 for maxillary size) and close to a significant level (p = .09) for the mandibular size of the affected fetuses. The adjusted maxillary size and cranial size after statistically eliminating the effects of the affected fetus weight, dam weight, and lifter size on each original craniofacial size of the affected fetuses that had developed in the CL/Er dam strain were also significantly smaller than those of the affected fetuses that had developed in the C57BL dam strain. Conclusions: The present results indicate that the craniofacial growth of the CL/Fr mouse fetus affected with CLP increased in proportion to the fetus weight. The dam strain effect, in addition to the effect of the affected fetus weight, could thus not be ignored when the etiology of the spontaneous CLP was examined, while the uterine environment, provided by the CL/Fr strain dam, retarded the intra-uterine craniofacial growth of the affected fetuses. It was therefore concluded that the dam strain effect, as well as the effect of the affected fetus weight, both play an important role on the craniofacial morphogenesis of the CL/Fr strain of the affected fetuses that developed in both strain dams.

Craniofacial Morphology in Children with Complete Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate: Does Infantile Size of the Premaxilla Predetermine Outcome?

2004 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 410-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Fang Liao ◽  
Chiung-Shing Huang ◽  
Ya-Yu Tsai ◽  
M. Samuel Noordhoff
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Craniofacial Morphology ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Cephalometric Analysis ◽  
Bilateral Cleft Lip ◽  
Dental Cast ◽  
Craniofacial Characteristics

Objective To evaluate the possible association between the size of the premaxilla in infants and craniofacial morphology in children with complete bilateral cleft lip and palate (CBCLP) and identify the characteristics of craniofacial morphology in children with CBCLP with median facial dysplasia (MFD). Design Retrospective study. Setting A university hospital craniofacial center. Subjects Thirty-four patients with nonsyndromic CBCLP, 24 boys and 10 girls, had large premaxilla (LP group). Thirty-six patients with nonsyndromic CBCLP, 16 boys and 20 girls, had small premaxilla (SP group). Thirteen CBCLP patients with MFD, five boys and eight girls (MFD group). Main Outcome Measures Infant maxillary dental cast at the age of 1 year was used to measure the size of the premaxilla. Cephalometric analysis was used to determine craniofacial morphology in children at the age of 5 years. Results The size of the premaxilla in infants with CBCLP varied greatly. The LP group tended to have a longer maxilla and a more protruded maxilla, producing a better interjaw relation. The opposite phenomena were observed in the MFD group; the SP group yielded results between those of the LP and the MFD groups. Conclusion The size of the premaxilla in infants with CBCLP can be used to predetermine subsequent craniofacial morphology at the age of 5 years. Children with nonsyndromic CBCLP had craniofacial characteristics that differed significantly from those of children with CBCLP with median facial dysplasia.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional craniofacial morphology in unilateral cleft lip and palate

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eyas Abuhijleh ◽  
Halise Aydemir ◽  
Ufuk Toygar-Memikoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Craniofacial Morphology

Changes in Craniofacial Development Due to Modifications of the Treatment of Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate

1998 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zbyněk Šmahel ◽  
Živa Müllerova ◽  
Aleš Nejedly ◽  
Ivan Horak
Keyword(s):  
Bone Grafting ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Craniofacial Morphology ◽  
Consecutive Series ◽  
Posterior Displacement ◽  
Surgical Methods ◽  
Primary Bone ◽  
Fixed Appliances

Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate the craniofacial morphology of children with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) resulting from differing management protocols practiced in Prague from 1945 to 1976. Design The craniofacial morphologies of four groups of patients were compared. Two groups were assessed retrospectively (individuals born from 1945 to 1963), and two groups were followed on a longitudinal basis (individuals born from 1966 to 1976). Setting The study was conducted at the Cleft Lip and Palate Center at the Department of Plastic Surgery, Prague, which has a catchment area population of 6 million. Patients The subjects were a consecutive series of adult males (n = 84) who had complete UCLP without associated malformations. Interventions Patients born from 1945 to 1955 did not receive centralized orthodontic therapy. From 1945 to 1965, the alveolar process in the area of the cleft was not surgically repaired. Primary bone grafting was used for the group born from 1965 to 1972, and primary periosteoplasty was used in the subsequent period. Throughout the period covered by the study, the palate was operated on by pushback and pharyngeal flap surgery. From 1945 to 1965, the lip was repaired initially according to Veau, and later according to Tennison and Randall, and during this time, fixed appliances were used for orthodontic treatment. Results The results for the period from 1945 to 1955 are characterized by mandibular overclosure with anterior crossbite. Centralized orthodontic treatment in the later period improved sagittal jaw relations due to the posterior displacement of the mandible and an edge-to-edge bite was attained, but maxillary retrusion was unchanged. Primary bone grafting increased retrusion of the maxilla, which was compensated by further posterior displacement of the mandible. An edge-to-edge bite was also obtained. Primary periosteoplasty reduced maxillary retrusion, and the marked proclination of the upper dentoalveolar component with fixed appliances resulted in a positive overjet. It was no longer necessary to push the mandible back to the extent required in bone grafting. Conclusion Effective orthodontic treatment made the greatest contribution to improved facial development. It allowed compensation of maxillary retrusion by changes in the position of the mandible or by proclination of the upper dentoal-veolar component with fixed appliances. The applied surgical methods using primary bone grafting caused deterioration of the anterior growth of the maxilla.

Craniofacial Morphology in Patients with Kallmann's Syndrome with and without Cleft Lip and Palate

1997 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 417-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten Mølsted ◽  
Inger Kjær ◽  
Aleksander Giwercman ◽  
Søren Vesterhauge ◽  
Niels Erik Skakkebæk
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism ◽  
Craniofacial Morphology ◽  
Endocrine Treatment ◽  
Anterior Cranial Base ◽  
Kallmann's Syndrome ◽  
Maxilla And Mandible ◽  
Kallmann’S Syndrome

Objective: Kallmann's syndrome is characterized by the association of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and anosmia or hyposmia. The principal endocrine defect of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is a failure to secrete luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH), resulting in underdevelopment of the pituitary gonadotropes and an inability to synthesize and release luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone. The purpose of the present investigation was to describe the dentition and the craniofacial morphology in patients diagnosed with Kallmann's syndrome. Design: The sample consisted of 11 patients, 2 of whom also had bilateral cleft lip and palate. Radiographic investigations, including cephalometry, were performed. Comparisons were made to normal individuals and to cleft lip individuals without Kallmann's syndrome. Results: Dentition: tooth agenesis occurred more frequently in patients with Kallmann's syndrome. Craniofacial morphology: Increased mandibular inclination and mandibular angulation were seen in Kallmann patients. When clefting also occurred, extreme retrognathism of both maxilla and mandible was seen, a deviation which seemingly worsened during growth. The anterior cranial base and the sphenoid bone showed an altered morphology in one of the patients with Kallman's syndrome. Conclusions: An early diagnosis of Kallmann's syndrome is very important because the prognosis for endocrine treatment thereby improves, and therefore, it is recommended that the sense of smell be evaluated in patients with the craniofacial morphology described.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional Evaluation of Mandibular Volume in Patients with Cleft Lip and Palate During the Deciduous Dentition Period

2019 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishekhi Shrestha ◽  
Masahiro Takahashi ◽  
Tetsutaro Yamaguchi ◽  
Mohamed Adel ◽  
Mayu Furuhata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Pairwise Comparison ◽  
Craniofacial Morphology ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Deciduous Dentition ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACT Objectives To examine the relationship between mandibular volume and craniofacial morphology in patients with cleft lip and palate using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and to compare these findings with control (noncleft) patients undergoing CBCT for other purposes during the deciduous dentition period. Materials and Methods Eighty-four patients were categorized into the unilateral cleft lip and alveolus (UCLA) group (n = 25; mean age, 4.60 ± 0.40 years), unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) group (n = 23; mean age, 4.52 ± 0.39 years), bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) group (n = 22; mean age, 4.54 ± 0.37 years), and control group without cleft (n = 14; mean age, 5.19 ± 0.52 years). Mandibular volume and craniofacial cephalometric measurements were obtained using CBCT. All measurements were assessed by analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) using Bonferroni post hoc pairwise comparison tests. Results ANCOVA revealed no statistically significant differences in mandibular volume among the groups. SNA° and ANB° were significantly larger in the UCLA and BCLP groups than in the control group. SN-MP° was smallest in the UCLA group. Co-A in the UCLP group was shorter than in the UCLA and BCLP groups. Go-Gn was shortest in the UCLP and BCLP groups compared with the control group. Conclusions Three-dimensional evaluation of craniofacial morphology using CBCT can provide valuable information on malocclusion and other dentoskeletal problems among patients with CLP.

Assessment of Dental Arch Relationships in Japanese Patients with Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate

2006 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takafumi Susami ◽  
Yuji Ogihara ◽  
Masako Matsuzaki ◽  
Miyuki Sakiyama ◽  
Tsuyoshi Takato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Weighted Kappa ◽  
Japanese Patients ◽  
Craniofacial Morphology ◽  
Dental Arch ◽  
Kappa Statistics ◽  
Consecutive Series ◽  
Alveolar Bone Grafting

Objective Evaluation of the dental arch relationships of Japanese patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) from the orthodontic clinic of the University of Tokyo Hospital (UTH) compared with patients treated by the Oslo Cleft Team, Norway. Design Retrospective study and comparison with previous reports. Materials Dental models of 24 patients with UCLP in UTH taken before orthodontic treatment and before alveolar bone grafting were included. Surgeons in many hospitals performed primary surgeries. These models were matched for age and gender with 24 models from a consecutive series of patients treated by the Oslo Cleft Team as part of the Eurocran Good Practice Archive. A total of 48 models were evaluated. Main Outcome Measure Dental arch relationship was rated with the Goslon Yardstick. The strength of agreement of rating was assessed with weighted kappa statistics. Results Intra- and interexaminer agreements evaluated by weighted kappa statistics were high, indicating good reproducibility. Almost 60% of the patients in UTH were classified into poor or very poor categories, and the mean Goslon score was 3.50. These results show a contrast to those in Oslo and were the poorest in comparison with previous reports. Conclusion Dental arch relationships in patients with UCLP in UTH were poor. This seemed to be attributable to surgical procedures, but a factor of racial difference in the craniofacial morphology was also considered. Further intercenter research is required to clarify this point.

Three-Dimensional Analysis of the Pharyngeal Airway Volume and Craniofacial Morphology in Patients With Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate

2020 ◽  
pp. 105566562094698
Author(s):  
Wenying Kuang ◽  
Jie Zheng ◽  
Shaolin Li ◽  
Shiyu Yuan ◽  
Hong He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Craniofacial Morphology ◽  
Class I ◽  
Oropharyngeal Airway ◽  
Pharyngeal Airway ◽  
Bilateral Cleft Lip ◽  
Maxilla And Mandible

Objective: This study aimed to determine the correlations between the craniofacial morphology and pharyngeal airway volume in patients with complete bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP). Design: Retrospective study. Setting: Tertiary hospital. Participants: Twenty-seven patients with complete BCLP and 27 class I control patients, aged 10 to 14 years. Main Outcome Measure: The pharyngeal airway volume and craniofacial morphology were evaluated using cone-beam computed tomography. Measurements were compared between groups and any correlations were identified. Results: A significantly smaller total pharyngeal airway volume (TPV), oropharyngeal airway volume, and upper (UOPV) and lower (LOPV) oropharyngeal airway volume were found in patients with BCLP than in class I control patients, with no difference in the nasopharyngeal volume between groups. Furthermore, the craniofacial morphology measurements of N-Me, S-Go, Or-C, Ptm-C, Me-C, Co-Go, Go-Me, Ptm-Or, N-S-Ar, and Ar-Go-Me significantly differed between the BCLP and control groups (all P < .05). Multiple regression analysis indicated that Ptm-C and Me-C; Ptm-C, Or-C, and Me-C; and Me-C explained 20.3%, 38.9%, and 17.1% of the variations in TPV ( P = .025), UOPV ( P = .002), and LOPV ( P = .018), respectively. Conclusions: Total pharyngeal airway volume, TPV, OPV, UOPV, and LOPV were significantly smaller in patients with BCLP than in class I controls. In patients with BCLP, the maxilla showed inhibited sagittal development and a retrograde position; moreover, the pharyngeal airway volume was weakly associated with the position of the maxilla and mandible relative to the coronal plane.

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